In
implementing these strategies, firms need to fundamentally reorient
their marketing approach. Traditionally, firms had a “product-centric”
approach, and managers were focused on making and selling superior
products. In this process, the entire focus remained on the products.
For firms to maintain future profitability, a “customer-centric”
approach becomes imperative. In this approach, the timely interaction
between the customers and the firm, and effective management of
this interaction is recognized as a major source of competitive
advantage. We define this interaction between the firm and the
customer, which help in developing organizational resources for
successful customer management strategies as “Interaction
Orientation”.
In the “Interaction
Oriented” approach, marketing activities are conducted with
the customer. The customer is viewed both as a source of business
and as a resource for the firm. The power of customer-to-customer
linkages is recognized and nurtured as a customer empowerment
component.
The various components of the “Interaction Orientation”
approach are as follows. (i) Customer capacity is the belief that
the individual customer is the unit of every marketing action
or reaction. (ii) Interaction Response Capacity is the degree
to which a firm can provide successive products or services based
on the previous feedback by a specific customer and all other
customers. (iii) Customer empowerment is the extent to which customers
connect with the firm and other customers in collaborating and
sharing information, praise and criticism about the firm’s
products and services. (iv) Customer Value management is the extent
to which a firm is able to quantify and calculate the individual
customer value and reallocate it s resources to higher value customers
based on this evaluation.
By adopting these measures,
firms can customize their products and services by better understanding
the needs of their customers. This leads to increased customer
satisfaction, generates positive word-of-mouth, and leads to acquiring
and retaining profitable customers.