Firms
are often constrained by limited marketing resources. This poses
a challenge because these resources cannot be allocated to all
their customers. Ideally, firms should be investing only in customers
who are profitable. However, many companies continue to spend
resources on a large number of unprofitable customers. They either
invest in customers who are easy to acquire but are not necessarily
profitable or try to increase the retention rate of all their
customers, thereby leading to wastage of limited resources. One
reason for this is that these firms have not identified who their
most profitable customers are and how resources should be spent
on them to maximize profitability.
This strategy makes detailed recommendations on optimal allocation
of resources to individual customers. The first step is to identify
the most profitable customers, and the customers who are most
responsive to marketing efforts. The second step is to figure
out the right mix of different channel contacts for each customer.
This depends upon how responsive each customer is to these channels
of communication (e-mail, direct mail, telephone, direct visit
by a salesperson), and how cost-effective these channels are.
The next step in implementing
this strategy is to decide how frequently the customer should
be contacted, and what the inter-contact time should be. Also,
the various factors that affect customer behavior such as upgrading
(to a higher product category) and cross-selling (in a different
category) etc. needs to be analyzed. Therefore, by carefully monitoring
the purchase frequency of customers, the inter-purchase time,
and the contribution towards profits, managers can determine the
frequency of marketing initiatives in order to maximize CLV.
This strategy suggests
that it is unwise to inundate all customers with marketing initiatives.
It has been shown that such an approach only alienates customers
and makes them less responsive to such efforts. Whereas, a more
measured approach is recommended where each customer’s responsiveness
to each channel of communication is taken into consideration and
a carefully designed strategy is implemented in allocating the
limited marketing resources.